As the winter settles in, few fungi possess the ability to brighten up the season quite like the yellow fungus. When severe frost holds off, these fiery-hued fungi flourish brilliantly upon trees, standing out from afar with their radiant coloration.
In the midst of the dark, winter days, the forest is often deprived of vibrant hues. However, the yellow fungi adorning oaks instantly capture one's attention. Hanging from dead branches like large, wrinkled gum balls, their fruit bodies, reaching up to 10 cm in size, consist of gelatinous lobes. Surprisingly smooth and bouncy to the touch, they remain soft even in the presence of frost, almost as if they possess a natural antifreeze. Some variants deviate from yellow and boast a striking bright orange shade.
Particularly in the dunes, the yellow fungus (Tremella mesenterica) often leans more towards a flaming orange hue rather than yellow, a transformation influenced by age and moisture content. As the fungus ages, it gradually pales in color. During severe frost, it dries up and shrivels into a tough, dark orange piece of skin. Yet, after a frosty spell followed by a rain shower, it has the incredible ability to swell back to its original form, reviving its vibrant color. This resilient fungus truly showcases its tenacity.
Despite its inviting appearance, the yellow fungus is, in fact, a parasite. It draws its nourishment not from the dead wood it clings to, but from the mycelium of the oak bark fungus—an entirely different fungus that thrives on deceased oak trees. The yellow fungus consumes such a significant amount of nutrients from its host that the latter struggles to bear fruit.
While not considered an edible fungus in Europe, the yellow fungus is a sought-after delicacy in the Far East, where it is known as the "Yunnan golden fungus." In various Asian countries, it is also utilized for medicinal purposes, particularly to address lung ailments. Within its structure, the fungus harbors polysaccharides that possess properties such as cough suppression, anti-asthmatic effects, blood sugar regulation, anti-inflammatory traits, and inhibition of tumor growth.
Throughout the year, the yellow fungus can be found adorning branches of deciduous trees and shrubs, with its prevalence peaking in spring and late autumn/early winter. This captivating species is common in Belgium and the Netherlands.
Nature never ceases to surprise us with its vibrant wonders, and the yellow fungus stands as a testament to the intricacies and secrets that thrive in the heart of the forest.
Fig 1.- Tremella Mesenterica, Yellow Trembler
© willemsmicroscope.com
